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    <title>Jew vs. Jew in debate over sex&#45;change operations for children</title>
    <link>http://blogs.jta.org/ENTRY_PERMALINK_HERE/jew-vs-jew-in-debate-over-sex-change-operations-for-children/</link>
    <description>The Boston Globe&#8217;s report Q &amp;amp; A on with a doctor, Norman Spack, who offers sex&#45;change operations to children struggling with &#8220;cross&#45;gender feelings,&#8221; takes a Jewish turn.



In the interview, Spack discussed how his Jewish faith informs his work. His response: &#8220;My own rabbi said it best: The transgendered are also created b&#8217;tzelem Elohim, in the image of God.&#8221;

The comment drew a rebuke from a conservative activist, Brian Camenker:

Camenker takes personal affront to that response. &#8220;Being Jewish myself, it&#8217;s a tremendous embarrassment that he would try to claim that Judaism has any connection at all to this kind of demonic and lunatic behavior &#8211; because it doesn&#8217;t,&#8221; he states.

UPDATE: In my rush to get this post up, I mixed up the links, leaving people with the &#8211; incorrect &#8211; impression that I was siding with Camenker. My only aim was to note that the doctor&#8217;s comment about his rabbi was irking a Jewish conservative who opposes his work. Sorry about the initial screw&#45;up, but I disagree with those out there who think that there was something wrong with citing the exchange.</description>
    <dc:language>en-us</dc:language>
    <dc:creator>aeden@jta.org</dc:creator>
    <dc:rights>Copyright 2008</dc:rights>
    <dc:date>2008-04-23T;16:03:50-05:00</dc:date>
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    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>haunter_zerg@hotmail.com</link>
      <description>hey uh holly you&#8217;d be very surprised some &#8220;children&#8221; actually understand and are mature enough to make that decision its up to them its their life i say let them do it and if in the future they regret it that it is there choice and well they have to live with that choice they made and not to piss you off at all its truly none of our business to discuss what other people should be allowed to change about there bodies that is one thing that will always be there&#8217;s and it will never be anyone elses choice to make for them its there life let them live it how they choose&#8230;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>hey uh holly you&#8217;d be very surprised some &#8220;children&#8221; actually understand and are mature enough to make that decision its up to them its their life i say let them do it and if in the future they regret it that it is there choice and well they have to live with that choice they made and not to piss you off at all its truly none of our business to discuss what other people should be allowed to change about there bodies that is one thing that will always be there&#8217;s and it will never be anyone elses choice to make for them its there life let them live it how they choose&#8230;
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>ejayo@comcast.net</link>
      <description>The headline writers do the story an injustice.


Puberty blocking is reversible, and it starts at 10, not 7, and often doesn&#8217;t start until 14. The goal is to delay the use of cross&#45;sex hormones (which are less reversible.) Trans teens, ejected from their homes by their loving Christian parents, frequently prostitute themselves for access to these hormones.


Spack, and Belzer are working with a harm reduction model. (Similar to the notion of giving herion addicts access to clean needles.) They&#8217;re attempting to avert self mutilation, suicide, broken families and prostitution for cross sex hormone access. 


The dutch model has so far had a zero percent failure rate. Not a single child treated under this protocol has regretted treatment.


The articles headline evokes evil doctors hacking the genitals off boys who accidentally put on a tutu in the kindergarten play corner. This is a lie. The headline first appeared in a hatchet job piece written up at FOX news, and was re&#45;used by CNN and other outlets out of intellectual laziness. This headline is part of an orchestrated campaign to attack GLBTQ rights by right&#45;wing, fundamentalist think tanks. Don&#8217;t be fooled.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The headline writers do the story an injustice.
</p>
<p>
Puberty blocking is reversible, and it starts at 10, not 7, and often doesn&#8217;t start until 14. The goal is to delay the use of cross-sex hormones (which are less reversible.) Trans teens, ejected from their homes by their loving Christian parents, frequently prostitute themselves for access to these hormones.
</p>
<p>
Spack, and Belzer are working with a harm reduction model. (Similar to the notion of giving herion addicts access to clean needles.) They&#8217;re attempting to avert self mutilation, suicide, broken families and prostitution for cross sex hormone access. 
</p>
<p>
The dutch model has so far had a zero percent failure rate. Not a single child treated under this protocol has regretted treatment.
</p>
<p>
The articles headline evokes evil doctors hacking the genitals off boys who accidentally put on a tutu in the kindergarten play corner. This is a lie. The headline first appeared in a hatchet job piece written up at FOX news, and was re-used by CNN and other outlets out of intellectual laziness. This headline is part of an orchestrated campaign to attack GLBTQ rights by right-wing, fundamentalist think tanks. Don&#8217;t be fooled.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>account@crossdresserheaven.com</link>
      <description>Even though I am transgendered, I was shocked when I heard that a clinic in Boston was providing sex changes to kids as young as seven.

I wrote my thoughts about the pros and cons of offering a sex change so early here: http://www.crossdresserheaven.com/2008/05/a&#45;sex&#45;change&#45;at.html


I believe there are better ways to avoid suicide than providing a sex change to children.


Hugs,

Vanessa

http://www.crossdresserheaven.com</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Even though I am transgendered, I was shocked when I heard that a clinic in Boston was providing sex changes to kids as young as seven.
<br />
I wrote my thoughts about the pros and cons of offering a sex change so early here: <a href="http://www.crossdresserheaven.com/2008/05/a-sex-change-at.html">http://www.crossdresserheaven.com/2008/05/a-sex-change-at.html</a>
</p>
<p>
I believe there are better ways to avoid suicide than providing a sex change to children.
</p>
<p>
Hugs,
<br />
Vanessa
<br />
<a href="http://www.crossdresserheaven.com">http://www.crossdresserheaven.com</a>
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by Michael Rhodes</title>
      <link>Cross Dresser Heaven</link>
      <description>A Sex Change at 7......


Yesterday I was watching a video on CNN that discussed a clinic at the Children&#8217;s Hospital in Boston who were offering sex changes to children as young as seven years old. I must admit that my first reaction was shock....</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>A Sex Change at 7......</strong>
</p>
<p>
Yesterday I was watching a video on CNN that discussed a clinic at the Children&#8217;s Hospital in Boston who were offering sex changes to children as young as seven years old. I must admit that my first reaction was shock....
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>colekrawitz23@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>Thanks for the update and clarification, but I think it&#8217;s fair to see why one would be upset by the way it was originally posted, in posting an &#8220;exchange&#8221;  without any context, analysis or critique. If you had at the very least wrote what you wrote in the update, your aim would have come through, and would have led to a different discussion, and undoubtedly, a different post on my end.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the update and clarification, but I think it&#8217;s fair to see why one would be upset by the way it was originally posted, in posting an &#8220;exchange&#8221;  without any context, analysis or critique. If you had at the very least wrote what you wrote in the update, your aim would have come through, and would have led to a different discussion, and undoubtedly, a different post on my end.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>colekrawitz23@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>Actually, apologies Julie and I both were just reading the ad at the top of the page for AFA. The quote is really coming from One News Now, a division of American Family Network. 


What is One News Now?

Your Latest News from a Christian perspective 


Whether it&#8217;s a story about prayer in public schools, workplace restrictions on Christians or battles for biblical truth within our denominations, the American Family News Network (AFN) is here to tell you what the newsmakers are saying.


AFN is a Christian news service &#45; with more than 1200 broadcast, print and online affiliates in 45 states and 11 foreign countries &#45; that exists to present the day&#8217;s stories from a biblical perspective. We not only feature the latest breaking stories from across the United States and around the world, but also news of the challenges facing Christians in today&#8217;s society.


At OneNewsNow.com, you will get your news from reporters you can trust to give the latest news without the liberal bias that characterizes so much of the &#8220;mainstream&#8221; media.


For a refreshing and informative change in where you get your news, log on to OneNewsNow.com.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Actually, apologies Julie and I both were just reading the ad at the top of the page for AFA. The quote is really coming from One News Now, a division of American Family Network. 
</p>
<p>
What is One News Now?
</p>
<blockquote><p>Your Latest News from a Christian perspective 
</p>
<p>
Whether it&#8217;s a story about prayer in public schools, workplace restrictions on Christians or battles for biblical truth within our denominations, the American Family News Network (AFN) is here to tell you what the newsmakers are saying.
</p>
<p>
AFN is a Christian news service - with more than 1200 broadcast, print and online affiliates in 45 states and 11 foreign countries - that exists to present the day&#8217;s stories from a biblical perspective. We not only feature the latest breaking stories from across the United States and around the world, but also news of the challenges facing Christians in today&#8217;s society.
</p>
<p>
At OneNewsNow.com, you will get your news from reporters you can trust to give the latest news without the liberal bias that characterizes so much of the &#8220;mainstream&#8221; media.
</p>
<p>
For a refreshing and informative change in where you get your news, log on to OneNewsNow.com.</p></blockquote>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>susanferman@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>I am disheartened to see how many posters have judged Dr. Spack&#8217;s work without apparently having read the original article or any background information about gender identity disorder and the standards of care. People should actually read the original article in the Globe, posted in full a few posts back or at http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/ before commenting.


First of all, Doctor Spack in NOT performing Sex re&#45;assignment surgery (SRS) on these kids, he is simply giving them appropriate treament to forestall physical developments that usually occur in puberty, making it easier for the children to transition to their target sex.


Secondly, for someone who is transexual, no matter what their age, SRS surgery is NOT elective or cosmetic; SRS surgery is the accepted medical treatment and the gold&#45;standard of care.&amp;nbsp; Furthermore, it is not entered into lightly: The Benjamin Standards of Care (universally followed in the US) include several years of intensive therapy before SRS.


Contrary to what some people believe, by the time a child twelve or thirteen years old gets to Dr. Spack, their gender is pretty much immutable&#45;&#45;and it may not match their biological sex. (see Diamond, et. al.)  Most gender variant children do, indeed, know much younger that they are not comfortable in their biological sex and current research makes it clear that this simply is NOT something that they might &#8220;change their minds about later&#8221;.&amp;nbsp; The vast majority of transgender youth seeking treatment so young do not &#8220;pass&#8221; well as &#8220;normal&#8221; members of their birth sex and are frequently bullied or, worse, murdered like 14 year old Lawrence King, in Oxnard, CA.&amp;nbsp; Dr. Spack&#8217;s treatment can save a child a lifetime of pain and suffering, or worse, being murdered just for being gender variant.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am disheartened to see how many posters have judged Dr. Spack&#8217;s work without apparently having read the original article or any background information about gender identity disorder and the standards of care. People should actually read the original article in the Globe, posted in full a few posts back or at <a href="http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/">http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/</a> before commenting.
</p>
<p>
First of all, Doctor Spack in NOT performing Sex re-assignment surgery (SRS) on these kids, he is simply giving them appropriate treament to forestall physical developments that usually occur in puberty, making it easier for the children to transition to their target sex.
</p>
<p>
Secondly, for someone who is transexual, no matter what their age, SRS surgery is NOT elective or cosmetic; SRS surgery is the accepted medical treatment and the gold-standard of care.&nbsp; Furthermore, it is not entered into lightly: The Benjamin Standards of Care (universally followed in the US) include several years of intensive therapy before SRS.
</p>
<p>
Contrary to what some people believe, by the time a child twelve or thirteen years old gets to Dr. Spack, their gender is pretty much immutable--and it may not match their biological sex. (see Diamond, et. al.)  Most gender variant children do, indeed, know much younger that they are not comfortable in their biological sex and current research makes it clear that this simply is NOT something that they might &#8220;change their minds about later&#8221;.&nbsp; The vast majority of transgender youth seeking treatment so young do not &#8220;pass&#8221; well as &#8220;normal&#8221; members of their birth sex and are frequently bullied or, worse, murdered like 14 year old Lawrence King, in Oxnard, CA.&nbsp; Dr. Spack&#8217;s treatment can save a child a lifetime of pain and suffering, or worse, being murdered just for being gender variant.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>colekrawitz23@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>Why the choice of taking an already incredibly sensitive issue, that more people than not have a limited understanding about, and decide to make it a &#8220;Jew vs. Jew&#8221; issue, without even linking to the original article, taking this totally out of context from a rabidly anti&#45;LGBT website? 


Posting this in a way leads to a much higher probability that people will respond from a place of fear, ignorance and discomfort. 


That one of the commenters had to dig up the article off of someone&#8217;s livejournal, and as another commenter noted, that the main source of this is coming from the American Family Association, which is an ultra&#45;conservative organization, again truly clouds how people are going to come to this subject. 


With so little reporting in general in the JTA on trans people, y&#8217;all still have a long way to go in providing more thoughtful commentary on people who are very much part of the Jewish community, and deserve more respect than being watered down to an attempt of making this a controversy between two Jewish individuals. We all deserve more.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Why the choice of taking an already incredibly sensitive issue, that more people than not have a limited understanding about, and decide to make it a &#8220;Jew vs. Jew&#8221; issue, without even linking to the original article, taking this totally out of context from a rabidly anti-LGBT website? 
</p>
<p>
Posting this in a way leads to a much higher probability that people will respond from a place of fear, ignorance and discomfort. 
</p>
<p>
That one of the commenters had to dig up the article off of someone&#8217;s livejournal, and as another commenter noted, that the main source of this is coming from the American Family Association, which is an ultra-conservative organization, again truly clouds how people are going to come to this subject. 
</p>
<p>
With so little reporting in general in the JTA on trans people, y&#8217;all still have a long way to go in providing more thoughtful commentary on people who are very much part of the Jewish community, and deserve more respect than being watered down to an attempt of making this a controversy between two Jewish individuals. We all deserve more.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>pete_eriksen@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>This form of genital mutilation, like circumcision, is not therapeutic surgery. It is entirely elective, and the patient is too young to give legal consent. It is also irreversable and will have massive and often unwanted repercussions throughout the child&#8217;s adult life. In a few years when these children are legal adults, you will see them filing lawsuits against their parents and these doctors. And the damages will be in the billions.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This form of genital mutilation, like circumcision, is not therapeutic surgery. It is entirely elective, and the patient is too young to give legal consent. It is also irreversable and will have massive and often unwanted repercussions throughout the child&#8217;s adult life. In a few years when these children are legal adults, you will see them filing lawsuits against their parents and these doctors. And the damages will be in the billions.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>kshapero@yahoo.com</link>
      <description>I would have to say that Dr Spack is totally devoid of ethics. He is a member of the &#8220;if it feels right do it&#8221; crowd. The Torah has withstood thousands of years of idiots like him, and will continue to withstand, but Amasai, how much longer must we suffer fools?</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would have to say that Dr Spack is totally devoid of ethics. He is a member of the &#8220;if it feels right do it&#8221; crowd. The Torah has withstood thousands of years of idiots like him, and will continue to withstand, but Amasai, how much longer must we suffer fools?
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
    </item>

    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>hollyrob@earthlink.net</link>
      <description>I searched the Boston Globe site, this seems to be the article that upsets Mr. Camenker so.:


http://community.livejournal.com/gbltboston/189711.html


Q&amp;amp;A with Dr Norman Spack, paediatric endocrinologist

Doctor Spack was my endo, before I started just getting my T from my GP. He&#8217;s a terrific man and an extremely competent doctor, and one of the leading medical voices on Trans youth in the world.


http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/


Q&amp;amp;A with Norman Spack

A doctor helps children change their gender

By Pagan Kennedy

30 March 2008


Dr Norman Spack

(Boston Globe / Erik Jacobs)


CHILDREN HAVE CUT themselves. In some cases, 9&#45; or 10&#45;year&#45;old kids have staged suicide attempts. The little boys sob unless they&#8217;re allowed to wear dresses. The girls want to be called Luke, Ted, or James.


Their parents, desperate to know what is wrong, go online and type &#8220;gender disorder.&#8221;


And what they find is that, even now, decades after doctors performed the first sex changes in America, there&#8217;s little help for transgender children.


Even the care of transgender adults remains a medical backwater in the United States; in fact, we do not even know how many people in this country have gone through sex changes, because doctors simply did not bother to keep track of patients. Until recently, children with cross&#45;gender feelings rarely received modern medical care &#45; and certainly not hormone shots. After all, who would allow a child to redesign his or her body?


But in the past few years, some doctors have come to believe that kids should be allowed to have some control over how they grow up. Dr Norman Spack, 64, argues that transgender kids tend to be much happier &#45; and less likely to harm themselves &#45; when they&#8217;re able to live in their preferred gender role.


Last year, the pediatric endocrinologist started a new clinic at Children&#8217;s Hospital Boston; it is one of a few in the world to give children treatments that change their bodies. Working on a model borrowed from Dutch researchers, Spack uses drugs to delay the first stirrings of youngsters&#8217; puberty, granting them a few more years before they develop bodies that are decidedly male or female. The effects of these puberty&#45;blocking drugs are reversible; that is, patients can later change their minds. Unfortunately, this is not the case with hormones. Therefore, Spack prescribes estrogen and testosterone to only a few teenagers &#45; after months of consultation with the patient, his or her caregivers, and psychiatrists. When kids take this step, they are rewriting their own future: The hormones have a powerful, pervasive effect, changing their height, breast development, and the pitch of their voices.


IDEAS: When are children old enough to declare what gender they will be?


SPACK: All I know is that when I see preadolescents, they have been dressing in the underwear of the other sex for years. These kids are almost certainly transgendered. They&#8217;re a unique population of patients. By the time a kid comes in to see me, both parents have agreed that the child is in danger and needs some form of intervention. And that has led to heavy&#45;duty counselling for the child and parents. Therefore I see young people and families who have been evaluated by skilled professionals.


IDEAS: At what age do you give kids drugs to delay puberty?


SPACK: The puberty&#45;blocking drugs work best at the beginning of the pubital process, typically age 10 to 12 for a girl and 12 to 14 for a boy. Stopping puberty is, in itself, a diagnostic test. If a girl starts to experience breast budding and feels like cutting herself, then she&#8217;s probably transgender. If she feels immediate relief on the [puberty&#45;blocking] drugs, that confirms the diagnosis.


IDEAS: So the aim of your treatment is to protect children from harming themselves?


SPACK: Transgender kids have a high level of suicide attempts. Of the patients who have fled England to see me, three out of the four have made very serious suicide attempts. And I&#8217;ve never seen any patient make [an attempt] after they&#8217;ve started hormonal treatment.


IDEAS: At what age should children be allowed to take hormones, like estrogen and testosterone, that will forever change the way their bodies develop?


SPACK: Well, the Dutch would say 16. But I think more flexible guidelines will be coming out. For some kids, 16 might be appropriate. For others you lose opportunities if you wait. [One of my patients, a] transgender girl from the UK, was destined to be a 6&#45;foot&#45;4 male. With treatment, she&#8217;s going to end up 5&#45;foot&#45;10.


IDEAS: What are the most difficult ethical issues you face?


SPACK: The biggest challenge is the issue of fertility. When young people halt their puberty before their bodies have developed, and then take cross&#45;hormones for a few years, they&#8217;ll probably be infertile. You have to explain to the patients that if they go ahead, they may not be able to have children. When you&#8217;re talking to a 12&#45;year&#45;old, that&#8217;s a heavy&#45;duty conversation. Does a kid that age really think about fertility? But if you don&#8217;t start treatment, they will always have trouble fitting in. And my patients always remind me that what&#8217;s most important to them is their identity.


IDEAS: Several years ago, you became an evangelist for transgender kids at Children&#8217;s Hospital. How did you become so committed to this issue?


SPACK: Well, let&#8217;s start with 1974: I&#8217;m working at Bridge Over Troubled Waters as a volunteer. I see lots of transgender kids. They were runaways, in bad shape. Then years later, in 1985, I&#8217;m working in adolescent medicine. Someone sends me a transgender Harvard graduate who presented himself as a male. He introduced me to his friends and support groups. And then I began working with transgender people in their 20s. The people in their 20s were socially in good shape. But they were having trouble getting their physique to conform to their identity. I knew the twenty&#45;somethings could have better chances of passing if they were treated earlier.


IDEAS: And how did you make the case for this specialised clinic at Children&#8217;s Hospital?


SPACK: In the last five years, I&#8217;ve been getting more and more referrals, parents with gender&#45;variant kids. The parents heard about me through Internet support groups. So, I began to bring my transgender patients and their parents &#45; kids as young as 9 &#45; to a large number of clinical conferences in various departments at Children&#8217;s Hospital. That way, my colleagues could learn about this population. My philosophy is, &#8220;Who am I to say what it&#8217;s like to be transgender when I have people who are living with it every day?&#8221; These kids won over the hospital, one department at a time.


IDEAS: You&#8217;re involved with a number of Jewish philanthropic groups. How does your faith inform your work with gender&#45;variant children?


SPACK: My own rabbi said it best: The transgender [people] are also created b&#8217;tzelem Elohim, in the image of God.


Pagan Kennedy is the author of nine books, most recently &#8220;The First Man&#45;Made Man.&#8221; She can be reached through her website, http://pagankennedy.net/ .


© Copyright 2008 Globe Newspaper Company.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I searched the Boston Globe site, this seems to be the article that upsets Mr. Camenker so.:
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://community.livejournal.com/gbltboston/189711.html">http://community.livejournal.com/gbltboston/189711.html</a>
</p>
<p>
Q&amp;A with Dr Norman Spack, paediatric endocrinologist
<br />
Doctor Spack was my endo, before I started just getting my T from my GP. He&#8217;s a terrific man and an extremely competent doctor, and one of the leading medical voices on Trans youth in the world.
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/">http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/03/30/qa_with_norman_spack/</a>
</p>
<p>
Q&amp;A with Norman Spack
<br />
A doctor helps children change their gender
<br />
By Pagan Kennedy
<br />
30 March 2008
</p>
<p>
Dr Norman Spack
<br />
(Boston Globe / Erik Jacobs)
</p>
<p>
CHILDREN HAVE CUT themselves. In some cases, 9- or 10-year-old kids have staged suicide attempts. The little boys sob unless they&#8217;re allowed to wear dresses. The girls want to be called Luke, Ted, or James.
</p>
<p>
Their parents, desperate to know what is wrong, go online and type &#8220;gender disorder.&#8221;
</p>
<p>
And what they find is that, even now, decades after doctors performed the first sex changes in America, there&#8217;s little help for transgender children.
</p>
<p>
Even the care of transgender adults remains a medical backwater in the United States; in fact, we do not even know how many people in this country have gone through sex changes, because doctors simply did not bother to keep track of patients. Until recently, children with cross-gender feelings rarely received modern medical care - and certainly not hormone shots. After all, who would allow a child to redesign his or her body?
</p>
<p>
But in the past few years, some doctors have come to believe that kids should be allowed to have some control over how they grow up. Dr Norman Spack, 64, argues that transgender kids tend to be much happier - and less likely to harm themselves - when they&#8217;re able to live in their preferred gender role.
</p>
<p>
Last year, the pediatric endocrinologist started a new clinic at Children&#8217;s Hospital Boston; it is one of a few in the world to give children treatments that change their bodies. Working on a model borrowed from Dutch researchers, Spack uses drugs to delay the first stirrings of youngsters&#8217; puberty, granting them a few more years before they develop bodies that are decidedly male or female. The effects of these puberty-blocking drugs are reversible; that is, patients can later change their minds. Unfortunately, this is not the case with hormones. Therefore, Spack prescribes estrogen and testosterone to only a few teenagers - after months of consultation with the patient, his or her caregivers, and psychiatrists. When kids take this step, they are rewriting their own future: The hormones have a powerful, pervasive effect, changing their height, breast development, and the pitch of their voices.
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<p>
IDEAS: When are children old enough to declare what gender they will be?
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<p>
SPACK: All I know is that when I see preadolescents, they have been dressing in the underwear of the other sex for years. These kids are almost certainly transgendered. They&#8217;re a unique population of patients. By the time a kid comes in to see me, both parents have agreed that the child is in danger and needs some form of intervention. And that has led to heavy-duty counselling for the child and parents. Therefore I see young people and families who have been evaluated by skilled professionals.
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<p>
IDEAS: At what age do you give kids drugs to delay puberty?
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<p>
SPACK: The puberty-blocking drugs work best at the beginning of the pubital process, typically age 10 to 12 for a girl and 12 to 14 for a boy. Stopping puberty is, in itself, a diagnostic test. If a girl starts to experience breast budding and feels like cutting herself, then she&#8217;s probably transgender. If she feels immediate relief on the [puberty-blocking] drugs, that confirms the diagnosis.
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IDEAS: So the aim of your treatment is to protect children from harming themselves?
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SPACK: Transgender kids have a high level of suicide attempts. Of the patients who have fled England to see me, three out of the four have made very serious suicide attempts. And I&#8217;ve never seen any patient make [an attempt] after they&#8217;ve started hormonal treatment.
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<p>
IDEAS: At what age should children be allowed to take hormones, like estrogen and testosterone, that will forever change the way their bodies develop?
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<p>
SPACK: Well, the Dutch would say 16. But I think more flexible guidelines will be coming out. For some kids, 16 might be appropriate. For others you lose opportunities if you wait. [One of my patients, a] transgender girl from the UK, was destined to be a 6-foot-4 male. With treatment, she&#8217;s going to end up 5-foot-10.
</p>
<p>
IDEAS: What are the most difficult ethical issues you face?
</p>
<p>
SPACK: The biggest challenge is the issue of fertility. When young people halt their puberty before their bodies have developed, and then take cross-hormones for a few years, they&#8217;ll probably be infertile. You have to explain to the patients that if they go ahead, they may not be able to have children. When you&#8217;re talking to a 12-year-old, that&#8217;s a heavy-duty conversation. Does a kid that age really think about fertility? But if you don&#8217;t start treatment, they will always have trouble fitting in. And my patients always remind me that what&#8217;s most important to them is their identity.
</p>
<p>
IDEAS: Several years ago, you became an evangelist for transgender kids at Children&#8217;s Hospital. How did you become so committed to this issue?
</p>
<p>
SPACK: Well, let&#8217;s start with 1974: I&#8217;m working at Bridge Over Troubled Waters as a volunteer. I see lots of transgender kids. They were runaways, in bad shape. Then years later, in 1985, I&#8217;m working in adolescent medicine. Someone sends me a transgender Harvard graduate who presented himself as a male. He introduced me to his friends and support groups. And then I began working with transgender people in their 20s. The people in their 20s were socially in good shape. But they were having trouble getting their physique to conform to their identity. I knew the twenty-somethings could have better chances of passing if they were treated earlier.
</p>
<p>
IDEAS: And how did you make the case for this specialised clinic at Children&#8217;s Hospital?
</p>
<p>
SPACK: In the last five years, I&#8217;ve been getting more and more referrals, parents with gender-variant kids. The parents heard about me through Internet support groups. So, I began to bring my transgender patients and their parents - kids as young as 9 - to a large number of clinical conferences in various departments at Children&#8217;s Hospital. That way, my colleagues could learn about this population. My philosophy is, &#8220;Who am I to say what it&#8217;s like to be transgender when I have people who are living with it every day?&#8221; These kids won over the hospital, one department at a time.
</p>
<p>
IDEAS: You&#8217;re involved with a number of Jewish philanthropic groups. How does your faith inform your work with gender-variant children?
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<p>
SPACK: My own rabbi said it best: The transgender [people] are also created b&#8217;tzelem Elohim, in the image of God.
</p>
<p>
Pagan Kennedy is the author of nine books, most recently &#8220;The First Man-Made Man.&#8221; She can be reached through her website, <a href="http://pagankennedy.net/">http://pagankennedy.net/</a> .
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© Copyright 2008 Globe Newspaper Company.
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    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>Rachel1968@comcast.net</link>
      <description>How can a physician possibly justify performing a sex&#45;change operation on a child; there is no excuse for that.&amp;nbsp;   How can a child be mature enough to make a decision such as that, furthermore why would the parents of a child that young make such a serious decision as that.&amp;nbsp; I realize that it must be very difficult for a person to feel they are &#8220;trapped in the wrong body&#8221;, and I do believe that is a real experience for a person, but to perform an operation on a 12 year old seems out of order.&amp;nbsp; Suppose the person changes their mind when they are older, and feel they would have preferred to life in the body they were born with.&amp;nbsp; What then.&amp;nbsp; Furthermore, that is such a tenuous age, how can a child that young have the emotional maturity to deal with classmates who will question whether he is a he or a she.&amp;nbsp; And they will ask.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How can a physician possibly justify performing a sex-change operation on a child; there is no excuse for that.&nbsp;   How can a child be mature enough to make a decision such as that, furthermore why would the parents of a child that young make such a serious decision as that.&nbsp; I realize that it must be very difficult for a person to feel they are &#8220;trapped in the wrong body&#8221;, and I do believe that is a real experience for a person, but to perform an operation on a 12 year old seems out of order.&nbsp; Suppose the person changes their mind when they are older, and feel they would have preferred to life in the body they were born with.&nbsp; What then.&nbsp; Furthermore, that is such a tenuous age, how can a child that young have the emotional maturity to deal with classmates who will question whether he is a he or a she.&nbsp; And they will ask.
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    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>hollyrob@earthlink.net</link>
      <description>Too bad, Mr. Camenker! I&#8217;d be leery of such an operation myself but it is up to the child, the family and the doctors.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Too bad, Mr. Camenker! I&#8217;d be leery of such an operation myself but it is up to the child, the family and the doctors.
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    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
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    <item>
      <title>Comment by</title>
      <link>julie.levine@cigna.com</link>
      <description>Your link for the &#8220;Boston Globe report&#8221; takes you to the American Family Association website, a rabidly conservative anti&#45;gay, anti&#45;choice, anti&#45;everything website.&amp;nbsp; You should be more careful of your links.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your link for the &#8220;Boston Globe report&#8221; takes you to the American Family Association website, a rabidly conservative anti-gay, anti-choice, anti-everything website.&nbsp; You should be more careful of your links.
</p>]]></content:encoded>
    <dc:date>2009-11-19T;22:58:01-05:00</dc:date>
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